🇪🇺 European Union · AMLD & AMLR

EU AML Compliance, Across Every Member State

Built for institutions regulated under the EU's anti-money-laundering framework — from the long-standing AML Directives to the new EU AML Regulation, the EU AML Authority (AMLA), and the Transfer of Funds Regulation extended to crypto-assets.

About the EU Framework

From Patchwork Directives to a Single Rulebook

For decades the EU's AML framework worked through Directives — instruments that each Member State transposed into national law on its own timetable. The result was a patchwork: 27 different AML laws built on the same template but applied differently in practice. The Sixth Anti-Money Laundering Directive (6AMLD), in force since 2021, harmonised parts of this — defining 22 predicate offences uniformly and extending corporate criminal liability — but did not eliminate the divergence.

The new EU AML package, agreed in 2024, fundamentally changes this. The Anti-Money Laundering Regulation (AMLR) is directly applicable across every Member State without national transposition — meaning the rules become genuinely uniform for the first time. Alongside it, the new EU AML Authority (AMLA), based in Frankfurt, will directly supervise selected high-risk cross-border institutions and coordinate national supervisors for the rest.

The phased implementation runs through 2027 for most provisions. Institutions operating in the EU need to prepare now — and One Constellation maps to the new framework in parallel with continuing 6AMLD obligations.

The EU AML Package

Directives, Regulations, and a New Authority

The EU framework now spans Directives that Member States transpose, Regulations that apply directly, and the new central AMLA authority. One Constellation maps to all components.

6AMLD

Sixth AML Directive (2018/1673)

Harmonises 22 predicate offences for money laundering across Member States, extends corporate criminal liability, and raises maximum prison sentences to four years.

AMLR

EU AML Regulation (2024)

The single rulebook — directly applicable, no national transposition. Replaces the divergent national CDD, EDD, and reporting rules with one harmonised text across the EU.

AMLA

EU AML Authority Regulation

Establishes a central AML supervisor based in Frankfurt — direct supervision of selected high-risk cross-border institutions, plus coordination of national FIUs and supervisors.

TFR

Transfer of Funds Regulation (2023/1113)

The EU's Travel Rule — applies to fiat wires and is extended to crypto-asset transfers. Originator and beneficiary information must travel with every transfer, regardless of value, between CASPs.

MiCA

Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation

Authorisation and conduct framework for Crypto-Asset Service Providers across the EU. Combined with the TFR, it creates a comprehensive AML regime for the crypto sector.

5AMLD

Fifth AML Directive (2018/843)

The currently in-force Directive — extending AML obligations to crypto-asset exchange providers and wallet custodians, and tightening transparency rules on beneficial ownership registers.

The Obligations

What the EU Framework Requires — and How We Address It

From the AMLR's harmonised CDD rules to AMLA's direct supervisory powers, here are the seven obligations that bite hardest at the operational level.

01

Harmonised CDD (AMLR)

Identify and verify customers using a single set of EU-wide rules. Identify beneficial owners holding more than 25% — with a stricter 15% threshold for higher-risk sectors.

One ConstellationEU-wide identity verification, eIDAS-compatible workflows, BO register integration where available, and UBO unwrapping configurable to either threshold.
02

EDD for High-Risk Cases

Apply enhanced due diligence to PEPs, customers from high-risk third countries, and complex cross-border arrangements — including senior-management approval and source of wealth.

One ConstellationAutomatic EDD trigger workflows, source of funds and wealth capture, EU-list jurisdiction integration, and full senior-management approval logging.
03

Cash-Payment Limits

The AMLR introduces an EU-wide €10,000 limit on large cash payments, with stricter limits possible at Member State level. Identify any party to such transactions.

One ConstellationCash-threshold monitoring with party-identification workflows, configurable to local thresholds where Member States diverge.
04

Ongoing Transaction Monitoring

Monitor transactions throughout the relationship for inconsistencies with the customer's profile. Detect patterns matching the 22 6AMLD predicate offences.

One ConstellationReal-time monitoring with rule libraries tuned to EU typologies, customer-specific behavioural baselines, and full case management.
05

EU Sanctions & CFSP Screening

Screen against EU consolidated sanctions lists administered under the Common Foreign and Security Policy, plus UN, OFAC, and Member State lists.

One ConstellationReal-time EU CFSP screening, plus UN, OFAC, OFSI and global PEP databases — refreshed daily, with full disposition workflows.
06

STR Filing to National FIU

File suspicious-transaction reports to the national FIU promptly. Support multi-FIU filing for institutions operating across Member States.

One ConstellationFIU-specific report exports across major Member States — including goAML format used by most EU FIUs.
07

TFR Travel Rule (Including Crypto)

Pass originator and beneficiary information with every funds transfer. For crypto-asset transfers between CASPs, the same rule applies regardless of transaction value.

One ConstellationTFR-compliant message exchange for fiat wires, and inter-CASP Travel Rule messaging for crypto — supporting major VASP-to-VASP protocols.
The Cost of Getting It Wrong

EU Penalties Scale with Turnover

EU AML enforcement combines significant administrative penalties, criminal liability under 6AMLD, and direct AMLA supervisory powers for cross-border institutions.

10%
Of annual turnover — maximum admin fine
4 yrs
Maximum imprisonment under 6AMLD
AMLA
Direct supervision for cross-border firms
Public
Mandatory disclosure of penalties
Built for the EU

What EU-Aligned Compliance Looks Like

27
Member States Supported
5 yrs
Default Record Retention
goAML
Native FIU Export Format
TFR
Crypto Travel Rule Native
EU AML FAQ

Common Questions

When does the new AMLR start to apply?+
The AMLR was adopted in 2024 and most provisions apply from mid-2027, with phased implementation for some specific articles. AMLA itself becomes operational on a similar schedule. In the meantime, 5AMLD as transposed into national law continues to apply, and 6AMLD's predicate-offence framework is already in force. The platform supports both the current and incoming frameworks in parallel.
Will my firm be supervised by AMLA directly?+
AMLA will directly supervise approximately 40 selected high-risk cross-border financial institutions across the EU. The selection criteria are based on cross-border presence, business model, and risk profile. All other obliged entities continue to be supervised by their national authorities, with AMLA providing coordination and oversight.
How does the platform handle the harmonised UBO threshold?+
The AMLR maintains the 25% beneficial-ownership threshold as default but introduces a stricter 15% threshold for higher-risk sectors. The platform's UBO unwrapping engine is configurable to either threshold per customer book or jurisdiction, with all changes audit-trailed.
Does the platform support TFR for crypto-asset transfers?+
Yes. The Transfer of Funds Regulation (TFR) extends Travel Rule obligations to crypto-asset transfers between Crypto-Asset Service Providers — with no de-minimis threshold for the EU. The platform supports inter-CASP Travel Rule message exchange in the major VASP-to-VASP protocols, with originator and beneficiary information passed correctly per regulation.
How are EU sanctions screened?+
The EU consolidated sanctions list administered under the Common Foreign and Security Policy is screened in real time alongside UN, OFAC, OFSI and Member State lists. Updates flow into the platform as soon as they are published in the Official Journal. Russia-related sanctions, Iran sanctions, and other thematic regimes are all covered.
Does One Constellation provide EU regulatory advice?+
No. We provide the technology platform that helps you implement and demonstrate compliance with the AMLR, AMLD, TFR, and MiCA. The interpretation of how these EU instruments translate into your specific licence and business model is the responsibility of your compliance and legal functions, typically supported by external counsel.

EU Compliance, Ready for the AMLR Era

See how the platform handles harmonised EU CDD, multi-FIU SAR filing, EU sanctions screening, and TFR-compliant Travel Rule for both fiat and crypto.